Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Associate Professor, Department of General Medicine, SVMCH and RC, Pondicherry, India
2
PG Resident, Department of General Medicine, SVMCH and RC, Pondicherry, India
3
Professor, Department of General Medicine, SVMCH and RC, Pondicherry, India
Abstract
Background: Asthma is estimated to affect 5%–10% of people in various societies. Atopy is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental variables, the most important of which is a family history of the disease. High and low birth weights, preterm birth, smoking mothers, salty diet, and obesity are all risk factors.
Patients and Methods: This is an observational study conducted from November 2018 to December 2019, at a 750 bed Multi-Specialty Teaching Hospital. In total, 175 bronchial asthma patients in the age group 18–60 years with high BMI coming to the outpatient department were included in the study. Patients were divided into five categories of bronchial asthma by severity. History was taken from all patients, and baseline investigations including complete blood count, chest X-ray, ECG, and spirometry were performed.
Results: In this study of 175 subjects, 100 [57%] were females and 75 [43%] were males. Symptom-wise distribution breathlessness was dominated by 120 [68.57%], wheezing and night wheezing accounts for 25 [18.29%] and 15 [8.57%] each had cough and previous hospitalization. FEV1% distribution was dominated with mild accounting for 68.57%, followed by moderate 17.14%, moderately severe 5.71%, severe 8.57% and very severe 5.71%. The presence of history based on various BMI levels did not show any statistically significant correlation. The mean value of FEV1% is calculated based on BMI variations. It shows statistically significant [p <0.05].
Conclusion: Association of body mass index with relation to the morbidity of the patients though few patients had symptoms it did not conclude to be statistically significant. Concerning the severity as with high BMI, the severity of asthma was high, which was statistically significant.
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