Genotyping of Echinococcus Granulosus in Infected Livestock in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt

Background: Echinococcus granulosus enclosed a composite of various genotypes that perform distinction in the mold of the life cycle and their host categories. Thus, 10 genotypes of this parasite had been described by applying molecular approaches.
Methods: The present thesis correlates the genotypic distinction of E. granulosus metacestodes from livestock in Sharkia governorate during 2019. The study was been applied to 51 livestock organs infected with hydatid cysts. Thirty-nine samples were from sheep and 12 from buffalo. DNA was been extracted from Protoscolices [PSCs] and germinal layers of the cysts. Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction [m PCR] was utilized, targeting subunit 1 of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase [cox1] and NADH dehydrogenase 1 [nad1] genes. PCR products were isolated from the electrophoresis gel and sequenced. The sequences were compared with those related sequences available in the GenBank, using the BLAST algorithm and BioEdit software.
Results: Among 19 sheep samples, 16 [84.2 %] were from the genotype G1 while only 3 [15.8 %] samples corresponded to the genotype G1/G3. Among 4 buffalo isolates, only one [25%] was defined as G3 genotypes. Four distinct haplotypes were determined within the examined isolates from sheep and buffalo and all isolates clustered in one group.
Conclusion: The study findings demonstrated that the dominant E. granulosus in livestock isolates in Sharkia is the G1 strain [sheep strain]. Therefore, the cycle between sheep and dogs is the major cause of hydatidosis. The study's findings revealed that cooperation and control measures should be considered to prevent the disease of Sharkia. Extensive studies are been imperative to determine the dominant E. granulosus genotypes in human cases in this region.