The Functional Outcome of Surgical Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt.

2 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo Egypt.

Abstract

Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis [AIS] is a structural spinal deformity of unknown etiology that affects adolescents at or near their onset of puberty. It adversely affects patient’s quality of life.
Aim of the Work: The current work aimed to assess the clinical, radiological and functional results of AIS surgical correction.
Patients and Methods: The study included 20 subjects with AIS who were treated by surgical intervention. Then, they were evaluated for clinical, radiological and functional outcome.  Demographic data were collected on a preformed sheet. The preoperative assessment consisted of history taking and clinical examination. A standing posteroanterior, and lateral plain X-ray were performed for total spine [T1-S1]. The functional outcome was evaluated by the Scoliosis Research Society-30 [SRS-30].
Results: There was a female sex predominance [16 were females]. Patients below 15 years of age represented 70.0%. The mean ± SD Lenke classification was 3.20 ± 1.74, while number vertebrae was 10.35 ± 1.66. The primary Cobb angle ranged between 45 and 85°, while the secondary Cobb angle ranged between 0 to 50° before surgery, and there was significant reduction of both primary and secondary Cobb angles after than before surgery. The shoulder imbalance was reported in all patients perioperatively, that was absent in all but one patient had slight elevation of the right shoulder after surgery. All had pelvic tilt before surgery that was absent postoperatively except for two patients who had slight tilt with significant improvement after surgery. Only 1 [5.0%] had postoperative complications [hypovolemic shock].
Conclusion: Surgical treatment of AIS had the highest probability to achieve better Cobb angle correction with good function and lower complication rate.

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