Clinico-Epidemiological Study of Colorectal Cancer Patients Diagnosed at Endoscopy Unit of Two University Hospitals in Cairo

Document Type : Original Article

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Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology, and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer [CRC] is the third most common cancer and the second lethal among both males and females. Despite improved diagnostic methods and preventive healthcare practices, the incidence of CRC is projected to rise by 60% by the year 2035.
The Aim of the work: To study clinical and epidemiological criteria of CRC patients diagnosed at endoscopy unit of hepatology, gastroenterology, and infectious diseases department at Al-Azhar University Hospitals in Cairo by colonoscopy and histopathological examination.
Patients and Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional study which assessed 1175 patients presented to the endoscopy unit of EL Hussein and Sayed Galal University hospital from January 2022 to January 2023. Only 84 patients meet the eligibility criteria and diagnosed with CRC, and were eligible for final analysis. We estimated the relative prevalence of CRC among the enrolled patients at 7.1%.
Results: The mean age of studied patients was 49.56 ± 13.5 years old, males showed higher prevalence of CRC with males to female ratio was = 2.2:1, with 22.6% reporting positive family history. CEA tumor marker was normal among most of the assessed patients accounted for 86% and only 14% showed elevated CEA. As regards demographic data, we found that age was associated with high-risk disease [Grade III disease], as younger patients had higher risk disease compared to elderly. On the other hand, no significant correlation as regards gender, family history, BMI, smoking and dietary pattern.
Conclusion: We reported a higher prevalence of colorectal cancer in males compared to females in this age group the main age of the patients around fifty years. Furthermore, the analysis indicated that the left-sided colon was the most common location for colorectal cancer in both genders. Also, we found that younger age groups demonstrate more aggressive, poorly differentiated and fatal CRC compared to patients older than 40 years old.

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