Exhibition of Corallopyronin A: An Antibiotic from Different Soil Environments in Egypt

Document Type : Original Article

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Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a serious problem worldwide. It is necessary to explore new sources of antibiotics in order to address this issue.
The aim of the work: To explore the antibacterial activity of Corallopyronin A in preclinical animal testing and randomized human clinical trials phases 1/2, as well as to investigate the purification of Corallopyronin A from different soil conditions in Egypt.  
Patients and Methods: This was a screening experimental study. Various soil conditions across Egypt were tested to isolate bacterial strains producing the antibiotic compound Corallopyronin A. Reversed phase HPLC was used to purify Corallopyronin A. The broth microdilution method and paper disc diffusion assay determined the test antibiotic's minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] and in vitro antibacterial activity. Moreover, in vivo antibacterial spectrum, adverse medication responses, and pharmacokinetics were evaluated through phases 1/2 of randomized clinical trials involving human and animal models.
Results: Corallopyronin A was generated from the culture supernatant of the soil bacterial isolate Corallococcus coralloides M2, which was cultivated on Casein yeast peptone [CYP] agar plates. The test antibiotic prevented the growth of several Gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli, at MICs higher than 100 mcg/ml; while blocking the development of many Gram-positive bacteria, with MICs ranging from 3 to 15 mcg/ml. However, eukaryotic cells—such as those found in fungi and humans—were unaffected. The test antibiotic was shown to have a bactericidal effect through inhibiting bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase [RNLP].
Conclusion: The current study is interesting because it synthesized Corallopyronin A, a bactericidal antibiotic, from Corallococcus coralloides M2 isolates obtained from various soil environments in Egypt.

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