Evaluation of Cervical Cytology in Patients using Colposcopy and Cervical Biopsy in Al-Zahraa Hospital

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

2 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: Cancer cervix accounts for 7.0% of all malignancies in developed countries and 24.0% in developing countries. Screening for the disease helps to decrease its burden, especially as the cases remain asymptomatic till the disease is established. The gold standard clue for diagnosis is histopathology, but due to the invasive nature, non-invasive screening methods are required.
Aim: This study aims to Evaluate the accuracy of cervical cytology and colposcopy findings in diagnosing cervical dysplasia in the clinically suspicious cervix by comparing it with the histopathological examination.
Patients and methods: The study included 300 females with clinically suspicious cervix. The cases were subjected to full history taking and full clinical examination. The Pap smear test and colposcopic examination were conducted and their results were compared to the pathological results to detect their diagnostic performance.
Results: There were 232 cases with abnormal findings by the biopsy (77.3%). Regarding the type of abnormal findings, LSIL was the most common finding in 77.1% of the cases with abnormal findings. Papanicolaou smear revealed a sensitivity of 85.7%, specificity of 75.0%, PPV of 84.0%, NPV of 78.7%, and accuracy of 80.2% compared to biopsy results. Colposcopic findings revealed a sensitivity of 91.7%, specificity of 84.3%, PPV of 92.0%, NPV of 82.6%, and accuracy of 86.7% as compared to biopsy.
Conclusion: The study findings demonstrate that colposcopy is significantly more sensitive and accurate compared to pap smear. By integrating pap smear with colposcopy, we can optimize the accuracy and precision of cervical cancer screening.

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