Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ismailia Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Ismailia, Egypt
2
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt.
3
Department of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract
Background: Oral health hygiene is suggested to affect pregnancy and its outcome, and reciprocally, the pregnancy could aggravate the oral conditions. However, the effect of dental intervention procedures on pregnancy outcome is not well addressed.
Aim of the work: This work was designed to evaluate the effect of dental caries on the pregnancy outcome.
Patients and Methods: This observational prospective study included 100 pregnant women with dental caries. Among them, 51 women underwent dental procedures, while the other 49 refused such treatment. For patient assessment, a complete history was taken, and clinical examinations, laboratory workups, and radiological investigations were performed. Dental history was collected using a pre-prepared questionnaire. Pregnancy was monitored until delivery, and any adverse outcomes were addressed [e.g., intrauterine growth restriction or premature pre-labor rupture of membranes, among others].
Results: Oral hygiene and dental pain were significantly different between study groups, where oral hygiene practices were significantly higher among those with dental procedures. In addition, dental pain significantly increased in cases with dental procedures compared to those without [70.58% vs 32.65%, respectively]. The dental procedures were dental extraction, dental restoration, crown, root canal, and bridge among 19.6%, 39.21%, 29.41%, 11.76%, and 5.88%, respectively. IUGR, PROM, neonatal RDS, and NICU admission were reported among 13.0%, 23.0%, 23.0%, and 18.0%, respectively. There was a reduction of neonatal RDS in patients with dental procedures compared to those without dental procedures [13.7% vs 32.65%, respectively]. Also, there was a significant increase of GA at birth in those with dental procedures compared to those without dental procedures [38.9 ± 1.43 vs 37.1 ± 1.23, respectively]. There was a significant negative correlation between dental procedures and dental pain or discomfort on one side and the IUGR from the other side.
CConclusion: Interventional procedures for dental caries during pregnancy are safe for the mother and her fetus.
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